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Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk Table 2. Prevalence of comorbidities in patients with hypertension
factors in patients with hypertension Age
Variables p value
Age 22-39 40-49 50-59
Variables p value
22-39 40-49 50-59 Total number n (%) 48 (31.2) 51 (33.2) 55 (3.6)
Total number n (%) 48 (31.2) 51 (33.2) 55 (3.6) Diabetes mellitus
Gender NO n (%) 44 (91.7) 350 (980) 45 (81.8)
0.018*
Male n (%) 37 (77.1) 28 (54.9) 33 (60.0) YES n (%) 4 (8.3) 1 (2.0) 1 (18.2)*
0.005
Female n (%) 11 (22.9) 23 (45.1) 22 (40.0) Chronic kidney insufficiency
Occupation NO n (%) 47 (97.9) 49 (96.1) 54 (98.2)
0.765
Sedentary n (%) 40 (83.3) 36 (70.6) 35 (63.6) 0.132 YES n (%) 1 (2.1) 2 (3.9) 1 (1.8)
Family history Chronic obstructive pulmonary dissease
Positive n (%) 16 (33.3) 21 (41.2) 23 (41.8) NO n (%) 47 (97.9) 47 (92.2) 52 (94.5)
0.627 0.432
Negative n (%) 32 (66.7) 30 (58.8) 32 (58.2) YES n (%) 1 (2.1) 4 (7.8) 3 (5.9)
Smoking Arrythmias
NO n (%) 32 (66.7) 26 (51) 22 (48.1) NO n (%) 40 (83.3) 43 (84.3) 48 (87.3)
0.026 0.841
YES n (%) 16 (33.3) 25 (49) 33 (51.9) YES n (%) 8 (16.7) 8 (15.7) 7 (12.7)
Obesity (Body Mass Index, BMI) Heart failure
To 25 n (%) 21 (43.8) 20 (39.2) 12 (32.8) NO n (%) 47 (100) 49 (96.1) 52 (94.5)
0.288
25-30 n (%) 8 (16.7) 13 (25.5) 19 (34.5) 0.362 YES n (%) 0 (00) 2 (3.9) 3 (5.5)
Higher than 30 n (%) 19 (39.6) 17 (33.3) 15 (27.3) Coronary dissease
NO n (%) 448 (100) 43 (84.3) 51 (92.7)
Men were significantly more likely to have high blood YES n (%) 0 (00) 8 (15.7) 4 (7.3) 0.213
pressure (p < 0.05). Among individuals younger than 39 ye-
ars, 77% of men had high blood pressure. There is a signi- Fatty liver
ficant difference regarding the smoking habit, which was NO n (%) 21 (43.8) 21 (43.8) 24 (68.2) 0.925
more prevalent among participants who were obese and YES n (%) 27 (56.2) 27 (56.2) 7 (31.8)
under greater stress (Table 1).
Table 3. Biochemical variables in patients with hypertension
Regarding comorbidities, patients aged 50 to 59 years Age
who were treated for hypertension were significantly more Variables 22-39 40-49 50-59 p value
likely to have type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to younger Total number n (%) 48 (31.2) 51 (33.2) 55 (35.6)
patients. None of the patients younger than 39 years had
Total cholesterol
coronary artery disease or heart failure (Table 2). (mmol/L), X bar ± SD 5.6±1.0 5.7±0.9 6.1±1.0 0.016*
HDL cholesterol
We assessed dyslipidemia through the values of total (mmol/L), med (range) 1.3 (0.7-2.4) 1.2 (0.8-2.2) 1.2 (0.5-2.9) 0.964
cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyce- LDL holesterol
rides. Participants of all age groups had on average higher (mmol/L), X bar ± SD 3.5±0.9 3.6±0.7 4.0±0.9 0.019*
cholesterol levels than optimal. The average total chole- Тriglycerides
sterol was 5.6 mmol/L in individuals up to 39 years old, 5.7 (mmol/L), med (range) 1.7 (0.6-3.4) 1.7 (0.7-8.0) 1.7 (0.6-14.0) 0.774
mmol/L in patients aged 40 to 49 years, and 6.1 mmol/L Homocysteine
in those up to 59 years old (p=0.016). LDL cholesterol was Below 16 (μmol/L), n (%) 9 (69.2) 9 (69.2) 3 (27.3)
significantly higher in participants aged 50 to 59 years Below 16 (μmol/L), n (%) 4 (30.8) 4 (30.8) 8 (72.7) 0.030*
(p=0.019) (Table 3).
Uric acid
The value of total cholesterol significantly differs among Below 400, n (%) 9 (60) 7 (50) 2 (22.2)
patients according to age groups (F=4.230; p=0.016). The di- Above 400, n (%) 6 (40) 7 (50) 7 (78.8) 0.194
fference in total cholesterol is statistically significant dispro-
portionate between patients in the youngest group (22-39 The value of LDL cholesterol significantly differs among
years) and the oldest group (50-59 years), p=0.020 (Graph 1). patients according to age groups (F=3.065; p=0.019). Total
cholesterol values significantly differ between patients in
The frequency of homocysteine values above 16 μmol/L
is statistically significantly more common in individuals ol- the youngest (22-39 years) and oldest groups (50-59 years)
(p=0.016) (Graph 2).
der than 50 years compared to younger patients (p=0.030)
(Graph 3).

ORIGINAL PAPER Galenika Medical Journal, 2024; 3(9):5-10. 7