Page 10 - GALENIKA MEDICAL JOURNAL

Graph 1. Total cholesterol values in participants of different age high blood pressure is known to modify the structure of the
groups heart and the architecture of large and small blood vessels,
which later encourages increased blood pressure on a non-
specific anatomical basis .
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According to the World Health Organization, 61% of glo-
bal deaths can be attributed to eight risk factors: alcohol
and tobacco use, high blood pressure, obesity, high cho-
lesterol and blood glucose, low fruit and vegetable intake,
and physical inactivity. Reducing these risk factors could in-
crease the global life expectancy by around 5 years 9, 10 . Diet
and physical activity are associated with seven out of eight
risk factors. Therefore, there is compelling scientific eviden-
ce that changes in diet and lifestyle habits can prevent the
development (primary prevention) or progression (secon-
dary prevention) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), reducing
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality .
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Graph 2. LDL cholesterol values in participants of different age Epidemiological and genetic studies have provided com-
groups pelling evidence that elevated LDL cholesterol is one of the
major cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, there is
ample evidence that cardiovascular risk can be reduced by
lowering LDL cholesterol, and therapeutic targets for LDL
cholesterol are therefore reduced to levels below 1.4 mmo-
l/L for patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk.
Dyslipidemia characterized by elevated levels of total cho-
lesterol and LDL cholesterol, along with lower levels of HDL
cholesterol, was confirmed in the majority of our hyperten-
sive patients, consistent with other studies .
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With the aging population and increasing prevalen-
ce of hypertension, determining treatment targets for
high blood pressure in older patients has become a focus
of research. Wright et al. (2015) provided strong evidence
through a randomized clinical trial that intensive blood
pressure control offers impressive cardiovascular benefits
Graph 3. Relationship between age and homocysteine compared to standard treatment 12, 13 . Increased blood li-
pids and blood pressure are considered two major risk fa-
ctors for cardiovascular diseases and often occur together.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey conducted in the United States from 1988 to 2010
showed that 60.7% to 64.3% of patients with hypertension
also had hypercholesterolemia . What's even more impor-
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tant is that the prevalence of simultaneous hypertension
and hypercholesterolemia continues to increase over time.
Many studies have shown a linear correlation between blo-
od pressure and serum cholesterol levels. Additionally, ele-
vated LDL cholesterol concentration acts as a risk factor for
newly onset hypertension 13, 14 . It has also been proven that
high levels of non-HDL cholesterol contribute to the onset
and worse prognosis of arterial hypertension. Considering
the complex interactions between blood pressure and lipid
parameters and their potential impact on medical therapy,
Discussion this study was conducted to expand on previously published

Hypertension significantly increases the risk of heart, analyses of primary and secondary outcomes based on LDL
brain, and kidney diseases. It is one of the leading causes cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels.
of death worldwide. It can be easily detected by measuring
blood pressure at home or in a healthcare facility. Chronic

8 DOI: 10.5937/Galmed2409007S