Page 7 - GALENIKA MEDICAL JOURNAL

THE IMPACT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND

HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA ON THE

DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Sonja Smiljić
1, 2
Aleksandra Ilić 1 HDL-C was significantly lower in patients with arterial
1 Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina with a temporary seat in hypertension, while the levels of triglyceride did not
Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia differ significantly. Homocysteine was within normal
2 Euromedik Health Center, Belgrade, Serbia limits in younger subjects, whereas in persons aged
50 to 59, hyperhomocysteinemia was confirmed (p
Corresponding author: > 0.05). The levels of uric acids were not significantly
Prof. dr Sonja Smiljić increased. The association of several risk factors was
characteristic of all three groups of respondents.
Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Prištini sa privremenim
sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Anri Dinana bb, Kosovska Conclusion: Patients with arterial hypertension
Mitrovica, Srbija
simultaneously have several other cardiovascular
sonja.smiljic@med.pr.ac.rs disease risk factors. The combination of hypertension,
hyperhomocysteinemia, and dyslipidemia accelerates
the process of atherosclerosis, causing ischemic heart
Abstract disease and premature death.

Introduction: HHypertension significantly increases Keywords: arterial hypertension, homocysteine, uric
the risk of heart, brain, and kidney diseases and it is one acid, cholesterol, triglycerides
of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Serbia
belongs to the group of countries with a very high
prevalence of hypertension. Introduction

Aim: Our research aimed to point out the association Hypertension is the leading cause of premature death
of cardiovascular risk factors, dyslipidemia, and worldwide. The number of adults aged 30 to 79 with hyper-
elevated uric acid and homocysteine values with arterial tension has increased from 650 million to 1.28 billion in the
1
hypertension. last thirty years . Today, every other adult in Serbia has ele-
vated blood pressure. Less than half of those with hyper-
Material and methods: In a prospective study, we tension are diagnosed and treated promptly. Approximately
included 154 respondents who are being treated for one in five patients with hypertension have well-controlled
hypertension from 22 to 59 years of age. We divided blood pressure.
the respondents into three groups: the first group Hypertension is divided into primary (essential) and se-
consisted of patients aged up to 39 years, the second condary. Secondary hypertension stems from specific cau-
aged from 40 to 49 years, and the third from 50 to 59 ses and can only be detected in a small number of patients.
years. We have covered the most important risk factors, Primary hypertension is diagnosed in a significantly larger
gender, sedentary behavior, obesity, dyslipidemia, number of hypertensive patients and is a result of aging,
elevated levels of glucose, homocysteine, and uric acid. genetic predisposition, and the influence of a large number
of risk factors .
2
Results: Out of the total number of respondents, 63.6% Primary hypertension can be accompanied by changes
were male, while among respondents aged up to 39, the in the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,
number of men was significantly higher (p > 0.05). The central and peripheral autonomic regulation, as well as en-
respondents mostly had a sedentary occupation and dothelial mediators (endothelin, nitric oxide, prostacyclin)
suffered from obesity (60%). Cigarette smoking habit that control vascular function. Additionally, the immune
and diabetes mellitus were significantly more frequent system influences changes in blood vessels by activating
in subjects aged 50-59 (p > 0.05). The values of total myeloid lineage cells, increasing cytokine release, and cau-
cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly higher than the sing inflammation of the blood vessel wall. Activation of the
immune system is characterized by excessive production of
reference levels in all three groups of respondents.

ORIGINAL PAPER Galenika Medical Journal, 2024; 3(9):5-10. 5